Five Signs of Herniated Disc Pain No One Should Ignore

Each year, herniated discs affect millions of Americans — so if you’re dealing with this condition, you are not alone. Although they do not always cause symptoms, herniated disc pain can affect nearly every part of your life, from your job, to family time, to your favorite hobbies. 

With herniated disc pain, it may be tempting to hope for the best and see if it improves over time. But because herniated discs are typically degenerative conditions that worsen with age, untreated symptoms have a much higher chance of becoming debilitating. 

To help you decide if it’s time to take the next step in tackling your herniated disc pain, we’re sharing five signs and symptoms of this condition that no one should ignore.   

 

What Is a Herniated Disc?

A herniated disc is a condition where the center of a spinal disc protrudes out from a small tear in the tougher outer layer. These flexible discs are made to cushion the vertebrae in the spine, absorbing shock and allowing us to bend and flex. A combination of age and everyday wear can cause the discs to dry out and lose their elasticity, causing cracks in the outer layer. 

Pressure from everyday movements, heavy lifting or injuries can cause these cracks to become tears and for the softer inner layer to get pushed out — resulting in a herniated disc. Herniated discs are not always painful, and they can sometimes go undiagnosed for years. But if herniated disc material irritates or compresses surrounding nerve tissue, it can cause a number of painful symptoms. 

 

These Five Signs of Herniated Disc Pain Require Care and Attention

If you are experiencing any of these common signs of herniated disc pain, you should take action with proactive treatment:

 

1. Localized Pain

Herniated discs are most common in the upper spine and the lower spine, because these discs withstand more pressure. This is why for many people the first sign of a herniated disc is either localized neck pain or back pain. Localized herniated disc pain is often described as a burning sensation, but symptoms can vary and worsen with movement and position. 

 

2. Shooting Pain

Because of their position in the spine, herniated discs have a high risk of irritating or compressing nerves in the spinal cord as well as nerve roots that are extending out of the spinal column. When this happens it can result in pain that shoots out into the body. 

A herniated disc in the upper spine, or cervical spine, can cause pain in the shoulder and arm in addition to the neck. A herniated disc in the lower spine, or lumbar spine, can cause shooting pains into the buttocks, hips, legs and even feet. This set of symptoms is commonly known as sciatica. 

Shooting pain and other radiating symptoms we’ll discuss below will usually occur on one side of the body or the other when it is caused by a herniated disc. 

 

3. Tingling and Numbness in the Extremities

Another form of herniated disc pain related to nerve compression is tingling in the upper or lower extremities. This is often described as a “pins and needles” sensation and it can be accompanied by bouts of numbness in the area as well. The location of these sensations is once again related to the location of the herniated disc. For example, lumbar herniated disc can cause tingling and numbness in the lower extremities and a cervical herniated disc can affect the upper extremities. 

This is very often a sign of progression of a herniated disc and could be a sign of the development of long-term nerve damage. 

 

4. Muscle Weakness

Because the spinal nerves deliver both sensation and motor information to the muscles, nerve compression by a herniated disc can also result in muscle weakness. Common locations include the arms for cervical herniated discs and the legs for lumbar herniated discs. This can affect posture, grip and can make it harder to stand up and sit down.

 

5. Mobility Problems and Limping

In some of the most advanced cases, herniated disc pain can cause issues including foot drop and limping that can make it difficult to accomplish nearly any basic task. In the lumbar spine, this is usually the result of severe compression and eventual damage to the sciatic nerve. This long nerve branches from the lower spine and travels all the way down to the feet, with limping and mobility problems being signs of the most advanced cases. 

 

Learn More About Treatment Options for Herniated Disc Pain

If herniated disc pain is affecting your life, don’t accept that you’ll just have to live with the pain. When left untreated, herniated disc pain can worsen over time, eventually resulting in nerve damage and mobility problems that can seriously lower your quality of life. By taking a proactive approach to herniated disc treatment, you can give yourself the best chance of successfully managing symptoms on a long-term basis. 

Physician Partners of America takes a personalized and holistic approach to herniated disc pain treatment. From interventional pain management to minimally invasive spine surgery, our expert team can help you develop an effective care plan for every stage of your treatment journey. 

Contact us today and let us show you how you can live pain free. 

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Phantom Knee Pain: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Losing a limb is a life-altering and traumatic event, and many who have gone through this are horrified to find that they still feel pain where their limb used to be. Sensation in a missing limb after amputation is a common experience for amputee patients.

 

What is phantom knee pain?

Phantom knee pain is the perception of some form of discomfort or sensation in a knee that is no longer there due to amputation or surgery. This phenomenon is not well understood by researchers, but is experienced by a vast majority of amputees in the United States.

There are two types of phantom knee pain: residual limb pain (RLP) and phantom sensations. RLP refers to pain that originates from the site of the amputation. This pain is usually experienced less often as the amputation site heals. Phantom knee sensations refer to pain or discomfort in a limb that no longer exists.

 

Symptoms of phantom knee pain

When someone experiences phantom knee pain, that sensation is completely real to them despite the knee no longer being attached to their body. This can be an enraging experience that perplexes both the person suffering and their physicians. 

Phantom sensations usually begin immediately following the loss of the knee and anyone who has had an amputation is at risk of developing them.

Common sensations of phantom knee pain

Phantom sensations can include various forms of pain and discomfort. These symptoms may be fleeting or last for long periods of time.

These are the most common phantom knee pain sensations:

  • Aching
  • Burning
  • Throbbing
  • Itching or tingling
  • Clamping or pinching

 

Risk factors for phantom limb pain

Between 80-95% of amputation patients report experiencing some form of phantom limb sensations. Some risk factors can increase the possibility of triggering phantom knee pain.

Angina

Angina is a condition in which blood flow to the heart is restricted, resulting in chest pain. People with angina describe the feeling as tightness, pressure, and heaviness in their chest.

Shingles

Painful rashes that develop on one side of the face or body are called shingles. In the days leading up to the onset of shingles, people may feel itching or tingling in the area where the rash will appear.

Stress

Anxiety, depression, and stressful situations can all increase the chances that an amputee patient feels phantom sensations where their knee was. 

 

Causes of phantom knee pain

The exact causes of phantom knee sensations are unclear, but doctors have a better understanding of why patients may feel residual limb pain.

Nerve damage

Nerve damage can cause a person to have pain at the site of their amputation. Nerve entrapment happens when there is pressure on a nerve. This can occur if something is pressed or wrapped incorrectly during the amputation surgery.

Improper healing after surgery

When the surgery site heals improperly, patients may feel pain during the healing process and after healing is complete. Too much scar tissue and pressed nerves can contribute to residual limb pain.

 

Diagnosis of phantom knee pain

Accurate diagnosis of the cause of residual and phantom knee pain is important. Examinations and procedures physicians will perform to better understand your sensations include:

Physical exams

During a physical exam, your doctor will inspect the amputation site for signs of sores, infection, or masses. 

Diagnostic Technology Testing

CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasounds may be used to get a more detailed view of your surgery site. This will also allow doctors to rule out other causes of pain, such as bone abnormalities and infection.

Additionally, Electromyograms (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS), which check on how a patient’s muscles and nerves are functioning. The results from this test will help a pain specialist diagnose the severity of a patient’s condition, and accurately map the appropriate treatment options.

Blood tests

Blood tests are used to screen for other possible causes of pain.

 

Treatment options for phantom knee pain

Treatment for residual limb sensations requires treating the underlying cause of pain at the amputation site. For phantom knee pain, treatment may involve a combination of therapy and medication.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychological treatment used to improve the quality of life for certain individuals. CBT addresses unhelpful thought patterns and poor behavior patterns and teaches better coping skills.

Mirror Therapy

Mirror therapy is proven to reduce phantom knee pain in about a month. During mirror therapy, a knee amputee sits in front of a mirror during a phantom pain flare. The person makes movements and watches their limbs to stimulate positive sensations in the brain. Mirror therapy is more successful with single-limb amputees than with those who have lost both knees.

Medications

Certain medications are commonly prescribed to people suffering from phantom knee pain. 

Nerve Stimulation

Nerve stimulation therapies are emerging as a way to manage phantom knee pain and avoid taking medication. Electrical currents, implanted electrodes, and biofeedback are all used to prevent pain that stems from damaged nerves.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Is phantom knee pain the same as residual knee pain?

Phantom knee pain and residual knee pain are two different sensations that are experienced by amputees. Phantom knee pain is a sensation in a knee that no longer exists. Residual knee pain is pain at the site of the amputation.

Does exercise help phantom knee pain?

Exercise might alleviate anxiety and depression for those suffering from phantom knee pain. Exercises that are performed in front of a mirror may be especially effective at helping relieve some phantom knee sensations.

Is phantom pain psychological?

Phantom pain is a completely legitimate pain response initiated by the brain. Psychological elements may trigger phantom pain or make it worse and certain psychological therapies have proven to be effective at preventing phantom sensations from occurring again.

What part of the brain controls phantom pain?

The sensorimotor cortex is the part of the brain most often blamed for causing phantom limb pain. This part of the brain is involved with the execution of body movements, and is in charge of maintaining joint homeostasis. 

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Why Does My Tooth Hurt When I Shake My Head?

Toothaches and headaches seem to be two of the most maddening types of pain, and unfortunately for some people, they go hand-in-hand. If you experience tooth pain during exercise, when you sneeze, when you shake your head, and during other sudden movements, you are not alone.

A painful feeling at the site of a tooth during activity could be caused by several different underlying conditions. Symptoms of tooth pain might present themselves in ways that are similar to other ailments. We outline what those symptoms look like and their possible causes below.

 

Symptoms Experienced Alongside Toothaches

A toothache is a pain that occurs in or around a tooth. Experiencing a toothache can be painful and disrupt your focus and day-to-day activities. 

These are some of the other symptoms that can occur alongside tooth pain:

Coughing

Not only can coughing cause sharp flashes of pain in your tooth, but prolonged episodes can lead to headaches. 

Runny nose

Sinus issues caused by tooth abscesses and bacteria can cause a constant runny nose.

Headache

Pain that throbs in both the head and tooth simultaneously is a frequent symptom experienced alongside a toothache. 

Nasal blockage

Nasal blockage, or experiencing a stuffy nose, happens when a toothache is caused by an infection. The sinuses can be clogged on one or both sides and can cause a metallic or musty smell.

 

Possible Causes of Tooth Pain When Shaking My Head

Tooth pain is often caused by an underlying condition or infection that needs to be treated separately from a dentistry environment. 

The following are possible causes of toothache that is felt during motion:

Sinus Infection

Sinus inflammation is one of the most common illnesses related to tooth pain. Pain in the upper back teeth is a frequent symptom associated with sinusitis. This is because the sinuses are spaces in the skull connected to the nasal cavity. When the tissues in those spaces become inflamed, pain travels down through the nose to the mouth.

Gum Disease

Gum disease, periodontitis, or gingivitis all can cause tooth pain. Serious gum infections can break down the bone that supports the teeth and damage the soft tissue surrounding them. Gum disease is usually the result of poor oral hygiene and can be identified by the swollen, bright red, and tender gums around the tooth that is experiencing pain.

Bruxism

Bruxism is the term used to describe the grinding or clenching of teeth. This often occurs when a person is asleep or unconsciously during the day. When bruxism is frequent enough, it can cause jaw disorders, headaches, teeth damage, and other issues.

TMJ Disorder

The temporomandibular joint is what connects the jawbone to the skull. TMJ disorder, or TMD, causes pain at this joint and in the muscles around it during jaw movement. Usually, TMJ pain is temporary, but it can be uncomfortable. TMJ disorder is known for pain that extends up to the ear and causes discomfort while chewing.

 

Diagnosis of Tooth Pain When Shaking the Head

Difference between sinus pressure and a toothache

The pressure associated with sinusitis can cause toothaches, but tooth pain can also occur separately from sinus infections. 

If you have tooth pain, you should first be screened by a dentist before seeking additional medical advice. Dental causes of toothaches include cavities, gum disease, and other infections in the mouth.

Are there tests to check for sinusitis?

Your dentist may decide that your tooth pain is the result of a sinus infection. Sinus headaches are common symptoms of sinusitis that may require treatment to improve.

These are the ways physicians may screen you for sinusitis:

Nasal endoscopy

Nasal endoscopies are procedures that examine the inside of the nasal and sinus passages. An endoscope is a thin, flexible tube with a tiny camera and light at its end. Physicians guide the endoscope through your sinus passages and take photos of the area.

During a nasal endoscopy, doctors are looking for bleeding or swelling of nasal tissue, growths, polyps, and certain types of fluid.

Computed tomography (CT)

CT scans allow for fast, painless, noninvasive, and accurate imaging of the sinuses. This screening test is one of the safest means of studying the sinuses and would prevent irritating the area more.

Radiologists perform these exams using a CT examination table. CT scans reveal fluid, thickened membranes, and the presence of inflammation within the sinus passages.

Allergy testing

Allergies are a common cause of chronic sinusitis. Allergy skin tests are quick ways to detect possible allergens that are irritating your sinuses. Ruling out allergies is one way to move toward finding the cause of frequent sinus toothaches.

 

When to seek medical attention for tooth pain

If a dental cause for a toothache has been ruled out, it’s time to consult with a physician. Our pain management specialists use trigger point therapeutic injections to alleviate referred pain from muscles that travels to your head or mouth. 

Contact us today to find a specialist near you.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Is tooth pain when shaking the head a serious issue?

Tooth pain when shaking the head is commonly associated with sinus inflammation and pressure. It is not usually a serious issue, but can be a frequent nuisance in your daily life.

Can I treat tooth pain when shaking my head at home?

If your tooth pain is caused by a sinus infection, take steps to relieve sinus pressure such as resting, staying hydrated, using a warm compress on your nose and forehead, and rinsing nasal passages with a neti pot.

How can I prevent tooth pain when shaking my head?

If your tooth pain is caused by clenching the jaw or TMJ disorder, you will need to address those conditions in order to prevent the pain from coming back. Other preventable causes of tooth pain from shaking your head include sinus infections, gum disease, and untreated cavities.

Can tooth pain be tied to a serious medical condition?

Tooth pain is usually not tied to a serious medical condition, but it’s important to be properly screened for all potential causes of tooth pain before ruling anything out. Dentists can help with the initial screening, but physicians and certain examinations such as a CT scan may be required for more in-depth testing.

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How to Fix Lumbar Hyperlordosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Lordosis is a term that refers to an inward curving of the part of the spine that is just above the buttocks, called the lumbar spine. Many people have a small degree of lordosis, and this is considered normal. When the curving is more extreme, it’s called hyperlordosis. Hyperlordosis can lead to unpleasant sensations in the lower back and surrounding areas. 

 

How is Lordosis Different from Hyperlordosis?

Lordosis refers to the natural inward curve of the spine. Hyperlordosis is used to describe an excessive C-shaped curve in the lumbar spine.

 

What Causes Lumbar Hyperlordosis?

Certain lifestyle habits, hereditary traits, and health conditions can increase the risk of developing lumbar hyperlordosis. 

These are some of the most common causes of lumbar hyperlordosis:

Incorrect Posture

Maintaining a poor form of posture can actually cause your spine to change its shape over time. Examples of incorrect posture are hunched shoulders, holding the neck too far forward, and an uneven pelvis. Each of these forms of posture can gradually lead to lordosis and other back pain issues.

Poor Form When Lifting Heavy Objects

Improperly lifting heavy objects places strain on the back muscles and spine. Over time, muscles will tighten to respond to the strain and may pull at your spine, affecting its structure.

Obesity

Excessive weight can cause people to lean backward to compensate for balance. This shift in the center of gravity places stress on the spine and back muscles.

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is the process of bones losing their density as a person ages. When the spine bones become thin or brittle, it can cause the spine’s structure to become unstable. In time, this can cause lasting damage to the spine’s shape and structure.

Discitis

Discitis is inflammation of the intervertebral discs of the spine. Discitis is often caused by an infection of the discs following surgery or trauma and can trigger the onset of irregular lordosis.

Pregnancy

Similar to the effects obesity has on the spine, pregnancy shifts a person’s center of balance due to the extra weight in the abdomen. Usually, hyperlordosis caused by pregnancy resolves itself after the baby is born.

 

Symptoms of Lumbar Hyperlordosis

  • A visible C-shape in the lower back accompanied by an outward protruding of the buttocks
  • Lower back pain
  • Tingling in the legs
  • Lack of mobility with certain forms of movement
  • Muscle spasms
  • Issues with bladder control

 

Diagnosis of Lumbar Hyperlordosis

X-ray of Spine

Usually, an x-ray of the spine is all that is needed to confirm hyperlordosis in a patient. X-ray imaging is also often used to monitor lordosis as it changes over time.

 

Prevention of Lumbar Hyperlordosis

Maintaining a healthy diet, using proper form while lifting objects, and being conscious of your posture are all ways to prevent lumbar lordosis from developing an abnormal shape.

Certain exercises can help increase lumbar muscle strength which may relieve some lower back pain. These include:

  • Situps
  • Superman lifts
  • Arm and leg raises
  • Squats
  • Reverse planks
  • Forearm planks
  • Side planks

 

Treatment of Irregular Lumbar Lordosis

If you have frequent lower back pain and have noticed a space between your lumbar spine and the floor when laying down, you probably are wondering how to fix lumbar lordosis. The following are some recommended treatments for lordosis pain.

OTC Pain Medications

Pain can usually be managed using over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. This form of treatment is recommended when discomfort from lordosis is occasional rather than chronic.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is used to help strengthen the muscles around the lumbar spine which increases its flexibility and range of motion.

Ergonomic Considerations

Better posture habits can help retrain the spine back to its natural shape. Using a standing desk will strengthen muscles in the lower back and thighs and should alleviate some pain. 

Back Brace

Some back braces are developed specifically to help straighten a curved back. If you seek a back brace for your lumbar lordosis, choose one that supports both the thoracic and lumbar spine and limits the forward motion of the back. Back braces also encourage proper posture and should, in time, lessen back pain.

Surgery

In extreme cases, minimally invasive corrections may be required to treat hyperlordosis. Laser spine surgery is used to stabilize the bones of the spine and to correct nerve problems associated with lordosis. 

Spinal Fusions

Before agreeing to surgical intervention, it may be worth considering a less invasive spinal stabilization technique known as spinal fusion. Spinal fusion allows the bones of the spine to heal together and restores stability. 

Our physicians are experts at addressing lumbar pain using minimally-invasive techniques. We use spinal fusions to treat many conditions including degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, herniated discs, and spinal cord compression. 

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Can lumbar hyperlordosis be fixed with exercises?

The pain associated with lumbar lordosis may be alleviated by engaging in exercises that strengthen the muscles around the lumbar spine. Over time, hyperlordosis may resolve itself as your strength and balance improve.

How long does it take for lumbar hyperlordosis to be fixed?

Depending on the treatment you choose, fixing lumbar lordosis could take a while. For example, if your lordosis is caused by obesity, it will take time to lose the weight needed to realign your spine. Surgery and minimally-invasive treatments may have shorter timelines.

Is physical therapy essential for fixing lumbar lordosis?

Physical therapy is an essential way to relieve some pain from lumbar lordosis. Physical therapy will also help prevent lordosis from reoccurring.

Will I end up needing surgery to fix lumbar hyperlordosis?

Usually, lumbar lordosis can be resolved with less invasive techniques, but surgery may be required in more extreme cases.

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Knee Bursitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles around all joints in the body. When bursae become inflamed, it’s called bursitis.

If you are experiencing knee pain and you are not sure what the cause is, it’s worth gaining some understanding of knee bursitis. If you have any chronic pain, it’s important to know the different conditions that could be causing it and the symptoms associated with each one.

 

What Causes Bursitis Knee Pain?

Repetitive motion is the most common cause of bursitis in the joints. Knee bursitis is especially common because motion is almost unavoidable if you take frequent walks, do a job that requires kneeling, or are a runner.

Overuse or Repetitive Knee Movement

Certain occupations, hobbies, and activities require repetitive motion that adds pressure to the bursae in the knee. Examples of these include:

  • Cleaning, especially scrubbing floors.
  • Running
  • Childcare that requires leaning down and picking children up frequently
  • Laying carpet or roof tiles
  • Gardening
  • Painting
  • Playing a drum set

Anyone engaging in these activities could potentially develop knee bursitis, but the risk is higher for older individuals.

Previous Knee Injury or Trauma

If you have previously experienced an injury of the knee or its surrounding muscles, or have been through some form of physical trauma that impacted your knee, you may have a higher risk of developing knee bursitis.

Pre-Existing Knee Conditions

Certain pre-existing knee conditions and medical situations increase your risk of knee bursitis. These include rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and gout. Being overweight can also increase your risk due to the added pressure on your knee.

 

Bursitis Knee Symptoms

If you have bursitis in your knee, you may notice these symptoms:

Swelling

The knee may swell, be tender to the touch, and appear red.

Stiffness

Achiness or stiffness of the knee is a common symptom of bursitis that makes it difficult to walk or stand for extended periods of time.

Trouble Bending Knee

Swelling and stiffness can make it harder to bend the knee during activities.

 

Diagnosis of Knee Bursitis

If your knee pain is disabling, preventing you from moving, or is paired with excessive swelling, it may be time to seek a medical diagnosis. Knee bursitis can be screened for during physical exams, using certain imaging tests, and in lab tests.

Physical Exams

During a physical exam, physicians will take a look at both knees and compare their conditions. They may then gently press on all areas of the affected knee, looking for warmth and swelling, and attempting to identify the exact location of the pain. Doctors may also carefully move your leg, bending and straightening at the knee in order to determine your range of motion and reaction to movement.

Imaging Tests

Imaging tests may not identify bursitis exclusively, but will help your physician rule out other possible conditions and injuries that could be causing your knee pain. X-rays, MRIs, and ultrasounds can all be used to detect certain conditions in the bones and surrounding tissue of the knee.

Lab Tests

Your physician may extract a sample of fluid from the bursa around your knee if they suspect that your pain is caused by infection or gout. This is done by inserting a needle into the area with pain and draining some fluid. Draining fluid around the knee could also be used as a treatment for knee bursitis.

 

How to Prevent Bursitis Knee Pain?

The following measures can help to prevent bursitis knee pain in the future:

Warm-Up Before Exercise

Proper warm-ups before exercising or activities that require repetitive knee movement can help prepare your body for the increase in pressure. Easing into new sports or forms of physical activity can gradually increase the pressure your knees can withstand. Always take breaks when you feel like the pain is beginning to mount.

Improve Posture for Workouts

The correct form, posture, and use of equipment can make all the difference in preventing knee bursitis. Positioning the body properly is important during both workouts and daily activities. Knee pads can be used to provide cushion on the knee joint and shoes should always fit well, provide support, and be tied snugly.

 

Treatment of Bursitis Knee Pain

Bursitis of the knee could potentially improve on its own with time and rest, but treatment can be used for pain management in the meantime.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy will help improve knee flexibility and strengthen the muscles around the knee. Knee bursitis has the potential to recur, and physical therapy could help with preventing that from happening.

Medications

If the bursitis is caused by an infection of the fluid in or around the bursae, antibiotic treatment may be necessary. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory pain meds could also help temporarily alleviate knee pain.

Potential Surgery

Surgery could be recommended if your bursitis recurs and doesn’t respond to other forms of treatment. Less invasive treatments should be attempted before surgery is considered. 

Minimally-invasive procedures include:

  • Corticosteroid injections
  • Aspiration of bursae

Our physicians are specialists in minimally-invasive procedures. We create specialized pain management plans for knee bursitis and other sources of knee pain. Find a doctor near you to have your knee pain assessed.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take to recover from bursitis?

With the right forms of treatment and preventative care, knee bursitis symptoms should go away within a month.

Can bursitis be prevented?

Bursitis can be prevented by warming up before exercising and maintaining proper form during activities. Physical therapy can prevent bursitis from returning if you have had it already.

Can bursitis in the knee lead to a bigger infection?

When a bursa becomes infected and inflamed, septic bursitis occurs. This is usually caused by a cut or scrape on the skin near the knee and will need to be treated with antibiotics.

Are there any home remedies for bursitis?

Icing, warm compresses, rest, and eating anti-inflammatory foods are all ways you can alleviate some of the symptoms of your knee bursitis.

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Knee Pain From Hiking: The Best Prevention and Treatment Options

Spending time in the great outdoors can benefit both your mental and physical well-being. But if hiking is your passion, you may be familiar with the toll it can have on your body. 

Knee pain after hiking downhill is a common ailment for hikers that can prevent them from spending time on the trail. The good news is that knee pain after hiking can be treated and there are steps you can take to avoid it from occurring in the future.

 

Causes of Knee Pain While Hiking

According to Harvard Medical School, when a hiker walks on level ground, they are putting force on their knee joints at about 1.5 times their body weight. At an incline, the pressure is almost two to three times their body weight! 

This added strain can lead to minor or extreme pain on your knees. Here are some of the most common causes of knee pain experienced on the trail or after hiking:

Bursitis

Bursitis occurs when the fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles near the knee become inflamed. Repetitive motion while hiking can lead to bursitis, which is often felt as achiness or stiffness in the knee. The knee may hurt more during motion or when you press on it and it may appear red and swollen.

Knee Tendinitis

Tendinitis in the knee, called patellar tendinitis, is an injury of the tendon that connects the kneecap to your shinbone. Patellar tendinitis is often called “jumper’s knee,” and is frequently experienced by hikers who traverse rough, uneven, and rocky terrain. 

Knee tendinitis is felt as pain between the kneecap and shin bone right at the start of the hike and immediately after finishing. Eventually, the pain will worsen and be felt throughout the hike.

Meniscus Tear

A torn meniscus is one of the most commonly encountered hiking knee injuries. You can tear your meniscus on intense hikes during which you forcefully twist or rotate your knee, especially when putting your full weight on it. This is often experienced by hikers who are jumping from rock to rock, especially when going downhill.

Meniscus tears may make it difficult to fully extend your knee and will cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. These symptoms may take a day to develop after the injury occurs and you might also feel a popping sensation or like your knee is giving away during physical activity.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome

Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) occurs when the tendon on the outside of your leg that goes from the top of your pelvic bone down to your knee becomes swollen. Frequent hiking can make you more prone to ITBS and trail running increases your risk of developing this condition.

Feeling a pop, click, or snap on the outside of your knee could be a sign that you’ve developed ITBS. Your knee can appear red and feel warm to the touch, especially on the outside of the knee.

Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis of the knee occurs when the cartilage cushion between joints wears away. This causes the bones of the knee to rub against each other and absorb shock less efficiently. Knee osteoarthritis occurs most commonly in people over the age of 45, but it can occur in younger people too.

Poor Hiking Techniques

Poor hiking techniques, especially when descending a trail, can increase the risk of developing a knee injury or condition.

 

Preventing Knee Pain When Hiking

You can take several steps to prevent knee pain from developing or recurring when hiking. It’s important to maintain proper form while on the trail, especially during a steep descent. Hikers should lean forward instead of back to maintain a center of gravity that is low and over their legs. 

Here are other steps to take to prevent knee pain when hiking:

Properly Prepare Your Gear

Wear hiking footwear that is not worn out and has properly tied shoelaces (i.e. tight enough that they feel secure, but aren’t restricting blood flow). Packs shouldn’t be too heavy and you should tighten your hip belt and shoulder straps to minimize pack movement while hiking.

Use Trekking Poles

Trekking poles should be lengthened correctly so you are not disrupting your center of gravity.

Stretch for Warm Up and Cool Down

Stretches and exercises that warm up and cool down the muscles surrounding your knee will help prevent overextension and strain.

Drink Lots of Water

Staying hydrated is important for maintaining lubrication around the knee joint.

Treating Knee Pain When Hiking

It’s time to consider treating knee pain after hiking downhill when taking preventative steps isn’t enough. The following treatments can help make time spent on the trail and recovery after hiking more pleasant:

 

When to Seek Medical Help for Knee Pain from Hiking?

When over-the-counter pain medications or icing stop being enough pain treatment, it may be time to consider something more intentional. Our providers use innovative pain management methods that pinpoint the source of your knee pain after hiking.

We offer a wide range of minimally-invasive procedures with a whole-person approach that is personalized for every patient.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I reduce the risk of knee pain while hiking?

You can reduce the risk of knee pain while hiking by using equipment correctly, maintaining proper form, and stretching before and after each hike.

What are the best exercises for preventing knee pain while hiking?

Exercises and physical therapy focused on strengthening the muscles around the knee will help in knee pain prevention.

What should I do if my knee pain from hiking doesn’t go away after resting?

If your knee pain persists after resting, it may be a sign of a more serious condition that requires specialized treatment. Physical therapy, OTC medications, and icing may help alleviate some knee pain. Other knee pain from hiking may require a pain management plan or procedure from a physician.

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Knee Pain at Night: Most Common Causes and Treatments

If you are someone who suffers from stabbing knee pain at night when you are trying to sleep, know that you are not alone. This unfortunate sleep disturbance is overwhelmingly common in the United States, and approximately one in four adults experience chronic knee pain at night.

Nocturnal knee pain can keep you from falling asleep, wake you up in the night, and leave you feeling unrested in the morning. Sleep is restorative and without it, your chronic knee pain may take longer to improve. 

Certain treatments can set you on the path of healing and get you back to sleeping comfortably. Read on for the most common sources of nightly knee pain and tips for restful sleep.

 

What causes knee pain at night?

If chronic knee pain defines your daily activities, it’s likely that it also affects your sleep. The following are some of the most common causes of knee pain at night.

Torn Cartilage

Torn knee cartilage, also known as a torn meniscus, is one of the most common sources of chronic knee pain. Knee cartilage can tear during activities that involve abruptly or forcefully twisting or rotating the knee. The odds of a torn meniscus are higher when the activity involves putting your full weight on the knee while moving.

Arthritis

Arthritis of the knee is caused by inflammation in the joint tissues that hinders everyday activities. The two most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Neither type of knee arthritis has a cure, but there are treatments available to help manage the pain and get you back to the activities you enjoy.

Tendonitis

Knee tendonitis, or patellar tendinitis, is caused by inflammation in the tendon that attaches the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone. Knee tendonitis is characterized by dull aching pain, tenderness, and mild swelling.

Injury

Because of the many components within the knee, it is especially vulnerable to injury. Knee injuries include sprains, ligament tears, fractures, and dislocations. Some knee injuries can be treated with braces or physical therapy, but more extreme injuries can require surgery to correct.

Extensive Use

Certain intensive physical activities can lead to pain caused by overuse of the knee. Activities such as skiing, running, and biking can cause stress within the knee joint over time. Bursitis, tendinitis, tendinosis, and plica syndrome are all possible knee injuries from overuse. Certain health conditions can exacerbate knee pain caused by overuse. These include osteoarthritis, some auto-immune conditions, and bone infections.

 

Tips to sleep better at night

Identifying the underlying cause of your chronic pain is the first step to improving how it affects night sleep. There are a handful of things you can do before your knee pain is corrected in order to increase the quality of sleep you get at night. We recommend a combination of the following to complement knee pain treatments.

Place pillows between the knees

Adding a soft cushion between your knees when you are sleeping can improve sleep quality for multiple reasons. When your top knee rests against the lower knee while sleeping on your side, it may be adding pressure that can increase pain in an already tender area. 

Putting a pillow between your knees or thighs can also correct postural issues. The addition of the pillow will help you sleep in the natural alignment of your hips and pelvis. Improved sleeping posture can reduce strain on inflamed ligaments and muscles, and keep you sleeping longer.

Stretch before sleep

Stretching at night can help alleviate some knee pain and help you fall asleep faster. Just 10 minutes of gentle stretching before getting into bed will help your muscles relax and mentally prepare you for the night’s sleep.

The reason stretching can help ease nightly knee pain is that it provides a transition between the day’s activities and complete rest. Without some sort of wind-down, the stillness of sleep can be abrupt for your legs which may cause muscle spasms that wake you up.

Ensure mattress firmness

A bad mattress can make your knee pain worse at night. If your mattress is old or not firm enough, it may not adequately support your body weight, leading to unwanted pressure on certain parts of the body. If your mattress is too firm, your joints may have even more pressure on them than they would on a soft mattress while you’re laying down. Sleeping on a mattress that is not too soft and of medium firmness should improve nocturnal knee pain.

 

Treatments for knee pain

Consider the following treatments during the day to help increase the impact of those sleep tips.

  • Compression
  • Elevating the leg
  • Hot or cold compresses
  • Daytime rest

 

When should you consult a doctor for knee pain at night?

If your knee pain has become chronic enough to disrupt your nightly sleep, it’s time to reach out to a pain specialist. Our providers are board-certified in interventional pain management and offer a variety of options for procedures to tackle knee pain. 

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Is walking good for knee pain?

Certain causes of knee pain may be treated with gentle walking exercises. It’s important to avoid excessive walking, which may make knee pain worse.

How do I know if my knee pain at night is serious?

If your knee pain is waking you up at night and keeping you from feeling rested, you should seek medical evaluation.

What does arthritis in the knee feel like?

Knee arthritis can feel like stiffness or pain that varies with movement and changes in the weather, and that may increase over time. Locking joints and knees that click while walking are also signs of arthritis in the knee.

Is there a test for arthritis in the knee?

Arthritis in the knee is diagnosed with X-rays that allow medical professionals to see bone spurs or other variations in the joint and measure cartilage. Some providers may use MRIs and CT scans to confirm an arthritis diagnosis.

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What Causes an Ice Pick Headache? Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Chronic headaches can interfere with focus and overall enjoyment of your day-to-day activities. Migraines and tension headaches are two of the most commonly known classifications of headache disorders, but other types may explain your chronic head pain.

More rare headache disorders include cluster headaches, cervicogenic headaches (CGH), and ice pick headaches. Though these headaches are not commonly experienced by most people, ice pick headaches in particular could provide insight into your headache symptoms.

 

What are ice pick headaches?

Ice pick headaches are a type of uncommon headache disorder that is characterized by stabbing pain that may be felt in the head or eye. Pain from ice pick headaches comes on suddenly, unexpectedly, and might only last a few seconds. During the time you feel ice pick headache pain, you might describe it as a quick series of stabs similar to how you imagine being stabbed by an ice pick could feel.

There are other terms used in place of ‘ice pick headache,’ the official medical diagnosis is ‘stabbing headaches,’ but they may also be called:

  • Jabs-and-jolts syndrome
  • Needle-in-the-eye syndrome
  • Ophthalmodynia periodica

Who gets ice pick headaches?

Ice pick headaches do not discriminate between those they affect. People of all ages may experience the sharp pains of stabbing headaches, though only about 2% of the global population experiences them regularly. 

Women who experience chronic migraines are more prone to ice pick headaches, in fact, they may occur alongside migraine headaches in the spot where the migraine originated. People who report these symptoms are often between the ages of 45 and 50, but they can affect people of any age.

 

What are common symptoms of ice pick headaches?

If you experience an ice pick headache, you may report some of the following symptoms:

Sudden, stabbing pain

Pain that comes on suddenly and is described as a stabbing sensation is the most common symptom of ice pick headaches. This pain usually comes and goes within 3 seconds, but it may last up to two minutes in rare situations. 

The pain level is described as moderately severe to extremely painful and occurs many times in a day. Some people report experiencing stabbing pain up to 50 times a day or more on one of both sides of the head.

 

Sensitivity to light

Sensitivity to light is a common symptom of migraines and may be experienced with ice pick headaches as well. Light sensitivity may occur alongside sensitivity to sound during the onset of a stabbing attack. Though the light sensitivity may seem extreme, it cannot cause vision damage and is not caused by eye strain.

 

Pain on the top or front of the head

During an ice pick headache episode, you may have pain on the top or front of the head, or on either side. The pain can be localized to one area, or experienced in multiple locations of the head at one time. When ice pick headache pain is experienced in the same location with increasing frequency, it may be a sign of a serious underlying condition.

 

What causes ice pick headaches?

Researchers have yet to determine the underlying cause of most ice pick headaches. The general consensus is that the occurrence of these attacks is associated with short-term disruptions to the brain’s central pain control center.

Because migraine sufferers commonly experience these stabbing headaches as well, they may have better luck identifying triggers for their attacks.

Some of the most common triggers for ice pick headaches include:

  • Stress and anxiety
  • Sleep deprivation or disruption
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Changes in hormones
  • Some food additives

Sometimes ice pick headaches are categorized as “secondary headaches” in that they are a result of an underlying condition. 

The following conditions may be identified as the primary condition that results in ice pick headaches:

  • Migraine
  • Cluster headaches
  • Temporal arteritis
  • Intracerebral meningioma
  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Bell’s palsy
  • Shingles

How can people prevent ice pick headaches?

Certain lifestyle adjustments can help prevent ice pick headaches. Getting adequate sleep and rest, eating a healthy diet, and managing stress effectively can help. Activities such as acupuncture, massage, and physical therapy can be both therapeutic and help to prevent future headache attacks.

 

What are the most common treatments for ice pick headaches?

Often ice pick headaches occur so briefly that there is not enough time to take medication. If stabbing attacks become more frequent, the use of preventative medication could provide some relief.

Identifying and treating any underlying condition that results in ice pick headaches is the best form of treatment. It’s also important to distinguish if the pain you’re experiencing is an ice pick headache or one of the other common or uncommon types of headaches. Discuss your symptoms with one of our pain professionals to receive a treatment plan that is individualized to your situation.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Can anxiety cause ice pick headaches?

Stress and anxiety may cause the onset of a stabbing headache attack. Certain triggers of migraines may also trigger ice pick headaches, such as anxiety, alcohol or caffeine consumption, and sleep deprivation.

How long should ice pick headaches last?

The stabbing pain associated with ice pick headaches usually lasts 3 seconds or less, but may occur up to 50 times in one day. 

When should you speak to your doctor about headaches?

If your headache symptoms become chronic or are increasing in intensity, you should reach out to a healthcare professional for testing and a pain treatment plan. Any pain in the body that prevents you from carrying out your daily tasks is worth seeking treatment for.

Should I be worried about sharp pains in my head?

It’s important to rule out any serious conditions that could cause symptoms similar to what’s experienced during an ice pick headache. Generally speaking, ice pick headaches are not dangerous and do not cause damage to the brain, but the pain may be debilitating at times.

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How does a Doctor Review a Spine MRI Scan?

If you have chronic back pain, your doctor may have recommended an MRI scan of your spine to assess what’s going on. MRIs are safe and help doctors diagnose both serious and mild conditions that could be contributing to your back pain.

What is an MRI?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology is a frequently-used diagnostic tool that allows physicians to see the inside of your body and capture images of organs, bones, tissues, and other internal structures.

MRIs work by using a strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce signals which create flat and 3D images. The machines used to perform MRIs are usually large and cylindrical, with a flat bed in the center for the patient to lie on.  

Why are MRIs performed on the spine?

Physicians use the MRI procedure to assess a patient’s spinal anatomy. This diagnostic imaging test is done to discover any conditions that are contributing to someone’s chronic back pain. Skilled pain management specialists use MRIs after listening to a patient’s symptoms and experience with back pain to look for a source.

Spine MRIs can be used to examine all parts of the spine, and the three main segments of the spine that can be analyzed with diagnostic imaging are:

  • Cervical. This is the upper part of the spine, consisting of seven vertebrae.
  • Thoracic. The Thoracic spine is the center area, consisting of twelve vertebrae bones.
  • Lumbar. The lumbar spine is the lower portion, with five vertebrae.

MRIs can also be used to examine the sacrum, which is below the lumbar spine and connects the spine to the pelvis.

 

What types of MRI machines are most commonly used?

Closed MRI machine

Closed MRIs take place in a machine that is shaped like a narrow tunnel. Usually, the opening of a closed MRI machine is just 60 centimeters and the patient must lie on a table that slides in it for up to 90 minutes.  

Open MRI machine

Open MRI machines offer patients who have issues with claustrophobia a less anxiety-inducing MRI experience. This machine has a wider opening than that of the closed MRI machine and not only alleviates anxiety for some patients but can better fit patients with obesity. The downside of an open MRI is the diagnostic imaging it creates is not as detailed as that of a closed MRI machine.

 

When is a Spinal MRI scan recommended?

Your health provider may recommend an MRI if your symptoms align with those of a spinal cord injury or structural abnormality. MRIs give doctors a specific view of what’s going on within the spinal structure which can help them identify the exact area that is causing issues. This is especially important in situations where spine surgery is necessary as it allows doctors to create a targeted treatment plan.

Lumbar spine MRIs are usually recommended if you have recently injured your lower back, have severe or persistent lumbar pain, or are experiencing any weakness or numbness in your legs.

 

What can an MRI scan reveal about back or neck pain?

MRI scans can reveal many different forms of spinal structural issues, injuries, and inflammation that are causing a patient’s back or neck pain. The following conditions are some of the most commonly identified during diagnostic imaging scans.

Disc desiccation

This condition involves a degeneration of the discs that provide cushioning between each vertebra of the spine. As people age, the vertebral discs begin to lose their lubricating fluid, causing them to stop functioning properly. Disc desiccation is a common result of degenerative disc disease.

The symptoms of disc desiccation include back stiffness, pain, and weakness. The location of the pain will depend on where the degenerating discs are located along the spine. These symptoms can travel down one or both legs and may affect reflexes in the knees and feet.

Compression

Spinal cord compression can occur in any region of the spine from the upper (cervical) spine to the lower (lumbar) spine. Compression takes place when an underlying condition is putting pressure on the spinal cord, gradually weakening the bones of the spine. 

MRIs can give a detailed look at bone growths called bone spurs and any abnormal spinal alignment that is contributing to compression. Symptoms of this condition include back pain and stiffness, numbness, loss of sensation in the feet, and issues with coordination.

Inflammation

Inflammation of tissue and structures along the spine can cause lower back pain, neck pain, numbness, and a gradual loss of muscle strength. Several conditions can cause spinal inflammation including Ankylosing spondylitis and Rheumatoid arthritis.

Magnetic resonance imaging can provide a detailed view of inflamed structures that are contributing to your back pain.

Our pain management experts frequently treat conditions identified in MRIs such as degenerative disc disease and spinal cord compression. Our minimally-invasive pain management techniques could provide you with the relief you need to get back to enjoying your life.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does an MRI spine scan take?

Spine MRIs can take up to 90 minutes for a complete scan.

What should I do the night before my MRI?

You do not need to do anything special to prepare for an MRI the night before. Eat normally and continue to take your prescribed medications. Before the scan, you will be asked to change into a gown and remove any accessories or articles that can interfere with imaging.

Will MRI show pinched nerves?

Magnetic resonance imaging can help show structural abnormalities in the spine that could be adding pressure to spinal nerves.

Can an MRI show sciatica?

If you have symptoms of sciatica, an MRI may be used to identify the causes of your back pain which could include lumbar spinal stenosis, facet arthritis, or a herniated disc.

When do you need a spine MRI?

If your back pain is affecting your daily activities or is starting to feel worse, it may be worth requesting a spine MRI to get a closer look at what’s going on internally.

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What Are Signs of Sciatica Improving?

What causes sciatica?

Sciatica, also known as lumbar radiculopathy, is a term for pain that originates from the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve begins at the back of your pelvis and stretches down the length of the back of your thigh. This nerve is the largest in the body and the main nerve in the leg.

Pain along the sciatic nerve often feels like a dull ache, a mild tingling sensation, or a burning sensation. The pain may be mild or severe enough to prevent a person from moving freely. Sciatica pain usually occurs on one side of the body in part of the leg or hip, or even the back of the calf or foot sole. 

Sharp pain sensations caused by sciatica may occur alongside numbness in other parts of the leg or buttocks. This numbness can cause people to feel weak and prevent them from lifting their feet well while walking.

Sciatica pain is caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve from a specific cause. The most common causes of sciatica include:

  • Bulging or herniated discs
  • Spinal stenosis
  • Pelvic injury
  • Obesity
  • Poor posture
  • An abscess or tumor along the nerve
  • Other nerve disorders

It’s important to note that sciatica is not a disease in itself, but rather a symptom of some other condition.

 

How long does sciatica pain last?

As sciatica pain is a sign of something causing pressure to the sciatic nerve, the underlying cause must be treated for you to feel relief. Sciatica usually gets better one to two months after the onset of pain. More mild sciatic pain may begin to improve within two weeks.

The good news is that it’s common for sciatica symptoms to improve over time and certain treatments can accelerate improvement. Less back pain during daily activities and increased comfort while being physically active are two signs of sciatica improving.

Do you ever fully recover from sciatica pain?

Some people experience sciatica pain that comes and goes. Depending on what part of the sciatic nerve is being compressed, pain symptoms may be constant or fade in and out infrequently. 

The time in which sciatica pain is being experienced can be excruciating and hinder your daily activities, but it rarely causes permanent nerve damage. Our pain management treatment plans are customized to each person with sciatica based on their individual experience, causes, and symptoms.

 

Tips to ease sciatica pain

Though preventing sciatica is your best bet to avoid this condition, there are some ways to ease sciatica pain once it has begun. In very mild cases, invasive treatment is not necessary and recovery will occur naturally. Most cases of sciatica do not require surgery, but your doctor may develop a plan for you that includes one of the following treatments.

Gentle exercise

Keeping your body in motion will help minimize inflammation. Bed rest is generally not recommended to treat sciatica. With any form of exercise or stretching treatment, it’s important to take movements slow to prevent further nerve damage. 

Here are some exercises that may help ease sciatica pain:

  • Pelvic tilts. 
    • Lie on your back with your legs bent, feet flat on the floor, and arms by your side. 
    • Using your abdominal muscles, press your back into the floor and rock the hips and pelvis slightly upward. Try to visualize making your belly button touch your backbone to get the form correct. 
    • Stay in this position for a few seconds while taking deep breaths, then release. Take a break and then repeat when you feel recovered. 
  • Glute bridges. Exercises that warm up the glute muscles can help release the tension on the sciatic nerve in the buttocks.
    • Start on the floor in the same position as you were for the pelvic tilts. 
    • Leave both feet touching the floor, but push up through the heels, lifting your hips until your body forms a straight line from your knees to your shoulders. 
    • Hold this pose for five seconds and then slowly lower your hips to the floor.

With both of these exercises, it’s important to focus on maintaining the form without arching or rounding your back which can increase inflammation or sciatic pain.

Stretching

Take stretching exercises slowly and focus on your breathing to avoid overstretching and causing more pain. Here are two great stretches that may help alleviate sciatic pain:

  • Hamstring stretches. 
    • While holding onto something sturdy for support, stand up straight and put one foot on a higher surface, such as a stair step. 
    • Straighten the leg that is on the step and point the toes of that foot up toward the sky.
    • Lean forward just a bit while keeping your back straight and breathe deeply for 30 seconds. 
    • Switch legs and repeat. 
  • Gluteal stretch.
    • Lie down on your back with your legs bent, and feet flat on the floor. 
    • Raise your right ankle and cross it onto your left knee. 
    • Lace your fingers behind your left thigh and gently pull it toward you, while keeping your back and head on the floor. 
    • Practice breathing deeply for 30 seconds and then slowly release. 
    • Repeat with the other leg.

Hat and ice application

Certain forms of temperature therapy may provide some pain relief for those experiencing sciatic pain. The application of ice or cold compresses will provide some numbing relief to the nerve while heat from a warm compress will loosen tension.

 

When is it time to see a pain doctor about my sciatica?

It’s time to reach out to a professional for sciatica pain relief when it is affecting your daily activities or causing you consistent discomfort. Our pain doctors will take the time to listen to your pain and story and create an individualized treatment plan for you.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

How does it feel when sciatica is healing?

No longer experiencing pain in the leg, calf, foot, or buttocks and having less numbness in other areas impacted by the sciatic nerve are signs of sciatica improving.

How long does it usually take for a sciatic nerve to feel better?

Sciatica pain can improve in as little as 2 weeks or up to 3 months in more extreme cases. Treatment plans should be individualized to your experience and address the underlying cause of your sciatic nerve pain.

What are the last stages of sciatica?

Late-stage sciatica is chronic pain that lasts longer than 6 weeks without improvement. 

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